In the design and manufacturing of modern electrical equipment, the choice of insulation material directly impacts product performance and reliability. NHN and AHA, as two mainstream electrical insulation materials, each possess unique characteristics and application scenarios. This article will conduct a comparative analysis based on core performance, cost-effectiveness, and service life to provide a reference for engineering selection.
Heat Resistance:
This material meets Class H insulation standards and can operate continuously at 180°C and withstand short-term temperatures up to 220°C. It is particularly suitable for high-temperature applications such as new energy vehicle drive motors and traction motors. The polyimide film substrate imparts excellent thermal stability, significantly reducing the risk of high-temperature aging.
Electrical Performance:
High dielectric strength enables it to withstand medium and high voltage environments, typically used in 10kV transformers.
It exhibits excellent partial discharge suppression, making it particularly suitable for operating in conditions with high-frequency harmonics.
A low dielectric constant helps reduce dielectric loss and improve energy efficiency.
Mechanical Properties:
It possesses excellent tensile strength and puncture resistance, but its flexibility is relatively limited, often requiring pre-preg treatment or improved wrapping processes to improve its processing adaptability.
Environmental Adaptability:
With a moisture absorption rate of less than 3%, it offers excellent dimensional stability and is not easily affected by humidity fluctuations.
It is oil-resistant, solvent-resistant, and radiation-resistant, making it suitable for use in extreme environments such as chemical and nuclear power plants.
NHN
Heat Resistance:
As a Class F insulation material, it has a long-term operating temperature of 155°C and can withstand short-term temperatures of 180°C. It is primarily suitable for medium- and low-temperature applications such as household appliances and industrial pumps.
Electrical Performance:
Its dielectric strength exceeds 50kV/mm, meeting conventional voltage requirements, but is slightly inferior to NHN in high-voltage applications.
The aramid paper substrate offers excellent arc resistance and effectively prevents carbonization, making it particularly suitable for switchgear.
The moderate dielectric constant provides a good balance between insulation performance and dielectric loss. Mechanical Properties:
Exhibits excellent tear and impact resistance. Preheating and softening are generally required during processing to improve compatibility with stamping, wrapping, and other processes.
Environmental Adaptability:
The moisture absorption rate is between 3% and 5%, requiring moisture-proofing measures to ensure insulation performance.
Although it exhibits good acid, alkali, and oxidation resistance, it exhibits low oil resistance and should be avoided for prolonged contact with mineral oil.
AHA
Material Cost:
NHN uses high-end raw materials such as polyimide film, resulting in a price 30%-50% higher than AHA. For example, the price range for 0.2mm paper is 80-120 RMB/㎡.
Life Cycle Cost:
Despite the higher initial investment, its excellent heat resistance and durability can extend equipment life by 20%-30%, reducing maintenance frequency and offering long-term cost advantages in high-end equipment.
Material Cost:
Based on polyester film and aramid paper, it offers lower raw material costs and offers a significant cost-effectiveness in the mass production of general-purpose motors and transformers.
Life Cycle Cost:
It offers outstanding economic benefits in Class F applications. However, if exposed to high temperatures, high voltages, or fluctuating loads for extended periods, it may require more frequent replacement due to accelerated aging.
High-Temperature Durability:
Exhibits slow performance degradation at Class H temperatures, with a service life exceeding 20 years. It is widely used in long-life applications such as rail transit.
Aging Resistance:
Radiation and chemical corrosion resistance ensure stability under extreme conditions, significantly reducing the risk of failure.
High-Frequency Adaptability:
Effectively suppresses high-frequency harmonic effects in variable-frequency motors, preventing premature insulation breakdown.
Medium-Temperature Durability:
Designed for a service life of 10-15 years at Class F temperatures, but excessive temperatures or load fluctuations can accelerate aging.
Mechanical Durability:
Excellent mechanical fatigue resistance makes it particularly suitable for applications subject to frequent vibration, such as elevator drive systems.
Arc Tolerance:
Effectively resists arc erosion in switchgear, extending the equipment’s safe operating cycle.
NHN and AHA electrical insulation materials each have their respective strengths. NHN excels in high-temperature, high-pressure, and harsh environments, making it suitable for high-end equipment. AHA, with its comprehensive performance and cost advantages, offers a more cost-effective solution for conventional medium- and low-temperature applications. A comprehensive evaluation based on specific operating conditions, lifespan requirements, and budget constraints is recommended to achieve the optimal technical and economic balance.
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