FR4 machined parts are widely used in electronic equipment, electrical equipment, high-voltage motors, switchgear, and machinery manufacturing, often serving as insulating structural components, support components, and precision parts. With the increasing demand for customization, the CNC machining price of FR4 machined parts has become a key concern for purchasing personnel and engineers.
So, what constitutes the CNC machining price of FR4 parts? Why do different manufacturers offer different prices? This article will provide a systematic analysis starting with cost composition and pricing logic.
FR4 machined parts are highly customized products, and there is no fixed price in the market. Actual quotations are mostly based on single-piece or batch unit prices and are subject to fluctuations due to various factors.
The following are common price ranges (for reference only):
Simple structure, small size FR4 machined parts: ~￥15 – ￥60 / piece
Medium complexity, standard tolerance requirements FR4 machined parts: ~￥60 – ￥180 / piece
High-precision FR4 structural parts with multiple holes and complex contours: ~￥180 – ￥450 / piece.
The actual transaction price needs to be determined based on a comprehensive evaluation of the product drawings, processing quantity, and technical requirements.
Raw material cost is the foundation of FR4 machining costs, directly influenced by the following factors:
FR4 sheet grade (e.g., standard FR4 vs. high-performance FR4)
Sheet thickness and dimensions
Raw material brand and batch stability
Thicker, higher-grade FR4 materials are more expensive and correspondingly more difficult to machine.
Machining cost is the most complex part of CNC pricing, primarily dependent on machining time and tool wear.
Machining Time
Contour cutting depth: Larger parts require longer cutting paths, increasing machining time.
Number of holes and hole diameter: More holes require more time; micro-hole machining necessitates reduced feed rates, further increasing time costs.
Milling depth: Deep grooves require multiple layer milling operations, more time-consuming than simple through-hole cutting.
Tool Wear
FR4 abrasiveness: FR4 contains glass fibers, causing rapid tool wear; drill and milling cutter wear is a significant component of machining costs.
Special shape requirements: Machining internal right angles (requiring small-diameter tools for corner clearing), fine threads, etc., can easily lead to tool breakage, which will increase machining costs accordingly.
Dust removal and cleaning: The dust generated during FR4 machining is slightly sticky, requiring a dust extraction system and regular cleaning. Labor and equipment wear and tear will be included in the machining costs.
FR4 is a composite material, prone to springback and fiber burrs during machining. Achieving high-precision machining requires more complex processes:
Common tolerances: Such as±0.1mm. The machined parts can be achieved with conventional CNC equipment at a moderate price.
Precision tolerances: Such as±0.025mm or more stringent requirement. The machined parts require high-precision machine tools, finer cutting tools, and machining in a constant temperature environment, potentially increasing the price.
Surface treatment requirements: Smooth cut edges without white edges, complete burr removal, or grinding and secondary finishing will increase time and cost.
Machining complexity is a key factor determining the price of CNC machining FR4 parts. This includes:
♦ Complexity of the contour (irregular shapes, multiple curves)
♦ Number of holes and hole diameter accuracy
♦ Inclusion of countersunk holes, steps, grooves, etc.
♦ Strictness of tolerance requirements
The more complex the structure, the longer the machining time and the higher the price.
Single-piece or small-batch processing: Main costs are concentrated in programming, equipment debugging, and first-article confirmation, resulting in a higher unit price.
Large-batch processing: Fixed costs can be spread through optimized toolpaths and customized fixtures, leading to a lower unit price.
Rush Request Fees: For orders requiring production to be rushed or delivery within 24 hours, manufacturers typically charge a certain percentage as a rush fee.
The need for additional post-processing and quality inspection procedures will also affect the final price. Common procedures include:
Deburring and chamfering
Cleaning and dustproofing
Issuance of dimensional inspection reports
Special inspections of insulation performance or appearance
The more procedures, the higher the labor and time costs, and the higher the final price will be.
1. Optimize the part structure during the design stage, avoiding unnecessary complex holes and structures to reduce machining difficulty.
2. Set reasonable tolerance standards, avoiding excessive pursuit of high precision, and balancing practicality and cost.
3. Try to combine machining batches to increase the quantity processed per batch and spread fixed costs.
4. Cooperate with manufacturers with stable FR4 machining experience to reduce the risk of rework and scrap, indirectly controlling costs.
The price range for CNC machining of FR4 parts is wide, ranging from a few yuan to several hundred yuan. Understanding the above influencing factors helps to optimize costs during the product design stage and to more accurately connect with manufacturers during the procurement process to obtain reasonable quotes.
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